Not really. I think you found the Patch + Parameters support:
https://github.com/medplum/medplum/pull/5317/files
But that's only syntactic sugar around a Patch operation (the alternative is to Base64 encode the JSONPatch JSON)
Our Patch operation is currently a very thin wrapper around the
rfc6902
library (
https://www.npmjs.com/package/rfc6902). Full FHIRPath Patch has quite a bit more complexity, and would be non-trivial lift 😢